OVER-COMPACTION CHERNOZEMS OF THE PRYDNISTERSKA UPLAND UNDER CONDITIONS OF AGROTECHNICAL IMPACT

The article presents the results of study an agrotechnical influence on general physical properties arable chernozems Prydnisterska upland. obtained are aimed not only at elucidation problem over-compaction but also determination features agrogenic transformation plains and slopes area. data from analytical studies use GIS technologies allowed to characterize heterogeneity resistance impact impact, localize abnormally compacted slope areas visualize spatial differences in manifestation chernozems.
 In today's conditions, mechanical cultivation chernozems, as a factor regulating agrophysical properties, is integral part technological operations agricultural system. However, irrational intensification agriculture has led deterioration which directly affected crop yields, efficiency assimilation mineral organic fertilizers, growth additional flow costs. main problems that decelerate restoration ecological external non-compliance with norms agronomic load misconception about homogeneity land terrain. particular, process upland indicate clear manifested horizontal vertical directions. Compared plains, density increases increasing steepness Thus, upper parts gentle slopes, structure (in layer 0 – 20 cm) within ≥ 7 ° by 12-16%. To some extent, this can be explained decrease capacity humus-accumulative horizon involvement plowing lower transitional soil horizons relatively low porosity.
 analysis profile distribution structural indicators showed certain variability compaction, depth. Naturally, smallest values recorded horizon, constantly exposed influence. starting depth cm there sharp compaction layer. For example, plain watersheds over-compacted stratum index ≥1.4 g / cm3 reaches 40-50 cm, it mark 60 65 cm. chernozem beneath subsoil significantly decreases, especially presence carbonates active zooturbation (areas moles, numerous ant passages wormholes).
 increase may caused formation linear due machine-tractor units. track formed after single pass combine, 4 5%, repeated passage machinery grows 9 13%.
 Based standards adopted Ukraine, experimental plots have undergone varying degrees degradation identified porosity. Within sloping (soil profiles Rd–3 –4 Sv–3 –4) significant area recorded. porosity indicates predominant degree severe degradation. average fixed flat relief research areas, potential stability soils under moderate load. 
 Key words: over-compaction, chernozem,